Further Reading
Abd El-Wahab, Ayman El-Sayed, 2001. River Nile Water and Egyptian-Sudanese Ties. African Perspective, Fifth issue, Spring 2001 Abrams, Len, 1997. Water Scarcity: on-line document Water and Conflict prepared for the FAO Abrams, Len. Nile Basin NGO & Civil Society Discourse Update January 2002 . Abraham, Kinfe, 1997. The Nile Issue: Psycho-political toward a rapprochement. The Fifth Nile 2002 Con ference Addis Ababa . Abu Zeid, Mahmoud, 2001. River of Hope and Promise . United Nations Chronicle Vol. 38, No. 3 Ahmed, Samir, 1990. Principles and Precedents in Inter- national Law Governing the Sharing of Nile Waters. In P.P. Howell; J.A. Allan (eds): The Nile : Resource evaluation, resource management, hydropolitics and legal issues. London at the Royal Geographic Society and the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. pp 225-238. Alcamo, Joseph; Doll, Petra ; Kaspar, Frank; Siebert, Stefan, 1997. Global Change and Global Scenarios of Water Use and Availability: An Application of WaterGAPl.0. Center for Environmental Systems University of Kassel, Germany . Alcamo, J.; Henrichs, T.; Rosch, T., 2000. World Water in 2025: Global Modelling and Scenario Analysis for the World Commission on Water for the 21st Century. World Water Series No. 2, CESR, Univer sit of Kassel, Germany . Alemu, Senai, 1995. Problem Definition and Stake- holder Analysis of the Nile River Basin . Paper presented at the 3rd Annual Nile 2002 Conference. Arusha , Tanzania , February 13-15. Allan, J.A., 1992. Substitutes for Water are Being Found in the Middle East and North Africa . Geo Journal Vol. 28, No. 3:375-385. Allan, J.A., 1994(a). Economical and political adjustment to scarce water in the Middle East . In J. Isaac & H. Shuval (eds): Water and Peace in the Middle East . Amsterdam , Elsevier, September. pp 375-388. Allan, J.A., 1996(a). The Political Economy of Water: Reasons for Optimism but Long Term Caution. In J.A Allan (ed.): Water, Peace and the Middle East: Negotiating Resources in the Jordan Basin . London : I.B. Taurus Publishers. pp 75-120. Allan, J.A., 1996(b). Policy Responses to the Closure of Water Resources: Regional and Global Issues. In P. Howsam and R.C. Carter (eds): Water Policy: Allocation and Management in Practice. Proceedings of International Conference on Water Policy, Cranfield University , 23-24 September 1996. London: E & FN Spon. Allan, J.A., 1997. 'Virtual Water': A Long Term Solution for Water Short Middle Eastern Economies. British Association Festival of Science, University of Leeds . Allan, J.A., 1998(a). 'Virtual Water': An Essential Element in Stabilizing the Political Economies of the Middle East . Yale University Forestry & Environmental Studies Bulletin No. 103; 141-149. Allan, J.A., 1998(b). Virtual Water: A Strategic Resource. Global solutions to regional deficits. Editorial in Ground Water Vol. 36.4:546-546. Allan, J.A., 1999(a). The Nile Basin : Evolving Approaches to Nile Waters Management . Occasional Paper 20, SOAS Water Issues Group, University of London Allan, J.A., 1999(b). Global Systems Ameliorate Local Droughts: Water, Food and Trade Allan, J.A., 1999(c). A Convenient Solution . The UNESCO Courier 29-32. February 1999. Allan, J.A, 1999(d). Water in International Systems: A Risk Society Analysis of Regional Problemsheds and Global Hydrologies. Paper presented at the Conference "Sustainability, Risk and Nature: The Political-Ecology of Water in Advanced Societies". Oxford University , 15-17 April 1999. Allan, J.A., 1999(e). Avoiding War over Natural Resources . Allan, J.A., 1999 (f). Middle Eastern Hydropolitics: Interpreting constructed knowledge Al-Rashidi, Ahmad, 2001. Egypt and the Nile , the Legal Framework. African Perspective, fifth issue, Spring 2001 Amare, Girma, 2000. Nile Waters-Hydrological Cooperation vs Hydropolitics Arsano, Yacob, 1997. Predicaments of Cooperation in the Nile Basin . In Katsuyoshi Fukui; Eisei Kurimoto; Masayoshi Shigeta (eds): Ethiopia in Broader Perspective: Papers of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, 29-47. Kyoto : Shokado Book Sellers. Arsano,Yacob, Ethiopia and the Nile - dilemmas of national and regional hydropolitics Arsano e Tamrat, Ethiopia and the eastern Nile basin Barandat J. et al., 1998. International Water Law: Regulations for cooperation and the discussion of the International Water Convention. In W. Scheumann; M. Schiffler (eds): Water in the Middle East : Potentials for conflicts and prospects for cooperation. Springer; Berlin :11-30. Beaumont, Peter, 1994. The Myth of Water Wars and the Future of Irrigated Agriculture in the Middle East . International Journal of Water Resources Development Vol. 10, No.1:9-22. Beaumont, Peter, 2000. The 1997 UN Convention on the Law of Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses: Its Strengths and Weaknesses from a Water Management Perspective and the Need for New Workable Guidelines. Water Resources Development Vol. 16, No. 4:475-495. Berild, Odd Erik, 2001. Hydropolitics on the Nile: Negotiating the Owen Falls Dam. University of Bergen , Bergen . Biswas Asit K. 1991. Water for Sustainable Development: A global perspective. Wasteland News Vol.7, No. 2:18-21. Biswas, Asit K., 1994. Management of International Water Resources: Some Recent Developments (Chapter 7). In Asit K. Biswas (ed.): International Waters of the Middle East: from Euphrates-Tigris to Nile . Bombay ; New York : Oxford University Press. Biswas, Asit K., 1999. Management of International Waters: Opportunities and Constraints. International Journal of Water Resources Development Vol. 15, No.4:429-441. Bonzi, Rea The role of NGOs in preventing and managing water conflicts in Ethiopia Brown Lester R., 1999. State of the world: a World Watch Institute report on progress toward a sustainable society. Earthscan, London . Brunnee, Jutta; Toope, Stephen J., 2002. The (eds): Changing Nile Basin Regime: Does law matter? Harvard International Law Journal Vol. 43, No.1:105-159. Bullock, John; Darwish, Add, eds, 1993. Water Wars: Coming conflicts in the Middle East . London : Gollancz. Caponera, Dante A., 1993. Legal Aspects of Transboundary River Basins in the Middle East: The Al Asi (Orontes), The Jordan and The Nile . Natural Resources Journal Vol. 33, No. 3:629-664. Carroll, Christina M., 1999. Past and Future Legal Framework of the Nile River Basin . Geo. Intl Envtl. L. Rev. Vol. 12, No. 1:269-304. Collins, Robert 0. 1990. The Waters of the Nile: Hydropolitics and the Jonglei Canal , 1900-1 988, Oxford Studies in African Affairs, Oxford : Clarendon. Collins, Robert 0. 1991. The Waters of the Nile : An annotated bibliography. London : Hans Zell. Collins, Robert 0, 2000. In Search of the Nile Waters, 1900-2000. In Haggai Erlich; Israel Gershoni (eds): The Nile: Histories, cultures, myths, Boulder , Cob: Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp 245-267. Collins, Robert, 2002. The Nile . Yale University Press/ New Haven and London . Cosgrove, W.J.; Rijsberman, F.R., 2000. World Water Vision: Making water everybody's business, London : Earthscan. Dagne, Nebiyou; Mulugeta, Daniel Bekele; Kaihara, Kentaro, 1999. Towards a Cooperative Use of the Nile : A Legal Perspective. Cambridge Review of International Affairs Vol. 12, No. 2:236. Dawoud, Khaled, Taming the Nile 's Serpents Dellapenna, Joseph W., 1997. The Nile as a Legal and Political Structure (Chapter 7). In Edward H.P. Brans [et all] (eds): The Scarcity of Water: Emerging legal and policy responses. International Environmental Law and Policy Series. London : Kluwer Law International. pp121-1 34. Dinar, Arid; Alemu, Senai, 2000. The Process of Negotiation over International Water Dispute: The Case of the Nile Basin . International Negotiation Vol. 5, No. 2:331-356. Dc Villiers, Marq, 1999. Water Wars: Is the world's water running out? London : Phoenix Press, 2001. pp 235-248. El-Fatih, A.; El-Tahir, B., 1996. El Nino and the Natural Variability in the Flow of the Nile River . Water Resources Research Vol. 32, No.1:131-137. Elhance, Arun P., 1999. The Nile Basin (Chapter Two). In Arun P. Elhance: Hydro politics in the Third World : Conflict and cooperation in international river basins. Washington , D.C: United States Institute of Peace Press. pp. 53-83. Erlich, Haggai, 2000. Introduction. In Haggai, Erlich; Gershoni , Israel (eds): The Nile: Histories, Cultures, Myths, Boulder , Cob: Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 1-14. Erlich, Haggai, 2002. The Cross and the River: Ethiopia , Egypt , and the Nile . Boulder , Cob: Lynne Rienncr. Erlich, Haggai; Gershoni , Israel , 2000. Conclusion. In Haggai Erlich and Gershoni , Israel (eds): The Nile : Histories, Cultures, Myths. Boulder , Cob: Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 269-271. Erlich, Haggai; Gershoni , Israel (eds):2000. The Nile: Histories, Cultures, Myths, Boulder , Cob: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Falkenmark, M., 1986. Fresh Water: Time for a Modified Approach. Ambio Vol.14, No. 4:194-200. Falkenmark, M., 1989. The Massive Water Scarcity now Threatening Africa : Why isn't it Being Addressed? Ambio Vol.18, No 2:112-118. FAO, 1998. Water for Food for Sub-Saharan Africa . Background document for the e-mail conference on Water for Food in Sub-Saharan Africa, FAO. FAO, 2000a. Crops and Drops: Making the best use of land and water. FAO. FAO, 2002, Agriculture Needs to Produce More Food with Less Water Fathy, Eb-Gamab, 1996. Water Resources Management Strategies and Action Programs in the Nile Basin : The Nile Basin Action Plan, Nile 2002 Conference (feb. 26-28, 1996). Flint , Courtney G., 1995. Recent Development of the International law Commission Regarding International Watercourse and their Implications for the Nile River . Water International 20:197-204. Flintan and Tamrat, Spilling blood over water? The case of Ethiopia Foulds, Kimberly E., 2002. The Nile Basin Initiative: Challenges to Implementation Gablopin, G.; Hammond, A.; Raskin, P.; Swart, R., 1997. Branch Points: Global Scenarios and Human Choice. A Resource Paper of the Global Scenario Group. PoleStar Series. Gabre-Yohannes, Haibu, 1989. Innatkin Belulgn, Stockholm , Sweden Gardner-Outlaw, Tom; Engebman, Robert, 1997. Sustaining Water, Easing Scarcity: A second update. Washington , D.C: Population Action International, Population and Environment. Gleick, P., 1991. The vulnerability of Runoff in the Nile Basin to Climatic Changes. The Environmental Professional 13:66-73. Gleick, P., 1993. Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Freshwater Resources. New York , Oxford University Press. Gleick, Peter H.; Yobbes, Peter; Hatami, Habeh, 1994. Water, War and Peace in the Middle East . Environment Vol. 36, No.3:6-15. Gleick, P.H., 1997. Water 2050: Moving Toward A Sustainable Vision for the Earth's Fresh Water. Working Paper of the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security, Oakland , California . Prepared for the Comprehensive Freshwater Assessment for the United Nations General Assembly and the Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (February). Gleick, Peter H., 1998. The Worlds Water 1998-1999: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Washington , D.C. , Island Press. Gleick, Peter H., 2000. The World's Water 2000-2001: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Washington , D.C. , Island Press. Gleick, Peter H., et ab. 2002. The Worlds Water 2002- 2003: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Washington , D.C. , Island Press. Gleick, Peter H.; Singh, A.; Shi, H., 2001. Threats to the Worlds Freshwater Resources. Oakland , California : Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security and the United National Environment Programme (UNEP). Godana, Bonaya Adhi, 1985. Africas Shared Water Resources: Legal and institutional aspects of the Nile, Niger, and Senegal River systems. London : Frances Pinter. Hamner, J.; Wolf, A., 1998. Patterns in International Water Resource Treaties: the transboundary freshwater dispute database Hefny and Amer, Egypt and the Nile basin Helsinki Rule, 1996. Helsinki Rules on the Uses of International Waters of International Rivers. International Law Association, in Report of the Fifty- Second Conference: Helsinki 477 (1966). Homer-Dixon, T.F., 1995. The Ingenuity Gap: Can Poor Countries Adapt to Resource Scarcity? Population and Development Vol. 21, No. 3:587-612. Homer-Dixon, T.F. 1996. Environmental Scarcity, Mass Violence and the Limits to Ingenuity, Current History No. 95:359-365. Homer-Dixon, T.F., 1999. The Myth of Global Water Wars. In S. Fleming (eds): War and Water. Geneva : ICRC Publication Division. Hulme, M., 1994. Global Climate Change and the Nile Basin . In P.P. Howell; J. A. Allan (eds): The Nile : Sharing scarce resources: A historical and technical review of water management and of economic and legal issues. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press. pp 139-162. Hultin, Jan. 1995. The Nile : source of life, source of conflict. In Hydro politics: Conflicts over water as a development constraint. In Ohlsson, L. (ed.): University Press Lrd. Dhaka , Bangladesh . pp 29-54. Huntington, Samuel P., 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York : Simon & Schuster. IPCC, 1996. Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Jacobs, Lisa M., 1993. Sharing the Gift of the Nile: Establishment of a legal Regime for Nile Waters Management. Temple International & Comparative Law Journal (TICLJ) Vol. 7, No.1:95-122. Kendie, Daniel, 1999. Egypt and the Hydro-Politics of the Blue Nile River . North African Studies Vol. 6, No. 1:141-169 Kerisel, Jean, 2001. The Nile and its Masters: Past, present, future-Source of hope and anger. Brook- field, VT: A. A. Balkema. Kilot, N. 1994. Water Resources and Conflicts in the Middle East . Routledge, London . Klare, Michael T., 2001, Resource Wars: The new landscape of global conflict. New York : Metropolitan Books. Kukk, Christopher; Deese, David, 1996. At the Waters Edge: Regional Conflict and Cooperation over Fresh Water. UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs Vol. 21, No.1:21-64. Laki, Sam L., 1998. Management of the Water Resources of the Nile Basin . International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology Vol. 5, No 4:28 8-296. Lemma, Legesse, 1994. Ethiopia and Egypt : Towards an Appraisal of Nile Water Sharing in the Context of the Helsinki Rules. In Bahru Zewde; Richard Pankhurst; Taddesse Beyene (eds: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa , April 1-6, 1991. Addis Ababa University Press pp. 755-780. Lemma, Seifeselassie, 2001. Cooperation on the Nile is Not a Zero- sum Game . United Nations Chronicle Vol. 38, Leslie, Jacques, 2000. Running Dry: What happens when the world no longer has enough freshwater? McCaffrey, Stephen C., 2001. The Law of International Watercourses: Non-navigational uses. Oxford monographs in international law, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mohamoda, D., 2003, Nile Basin Cooperation, a review of literature Mokonnen, Kefyalew, 1997. A New Basis for a Viable Nile River Water Allocation Agreement. Paper presented at the Fifth Nile 2002 Conference, Addis Ababa , 24-28 February 1997. Ohlsson, Leif, ed., 1995. Hydropolitics: Conflicts over water as a development constraint, London: Zed Books. Ohlsson, Leif, 1998. Water and Social Resource Scarcity-An Issue Paper Commissioned by FAQ/ AGLW. Presented as a discussion paper for the 2nd FAO E-mail Conference on Managing Water Scarcity, WATSCAR 2. Ohlsson, Leif, 1999. Environment, Scarcity and Conflict: A Study of Malthusian Concerns. Department of Peace and Development Research. University of Goteborg . Ohlsson, Leif, 2000. Water Conflicts and Social Resource Scarcity, Phy s. Chem. Earth (B), Vol. 25, No. 3:213-220. Ohlsson, L.; Lundqvist, J. 2000. The Turning of a Screw-Social Adaptation to Water Scarcity. Part 3 of Falkenmark, et al., New Dimensions in Water Security-A Study Prepared for FAQ, AGLW, Rome. Ohisson, L.; Turton, A.R. 1999. The Turning of a Screw . Okidi, C.O., 1990. History of the Nile and Lake Victoria Basins through Treaties. In P.P. Howell; J.A. Allan(eds): The Nile : Resource evaluation, resource management, hydro politics and legal issues. London at the Royal Geographic Society and the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London . pp 193-224. Pankhurst, Richard, 2002. The Ethiopia 's Alleged Control of the Nile. In Haggai Erlich; Israel Gershoni (eds): The Nile: Histories, Cultures, Myths. Boulder . Cob: Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 25-37. Postel, Sandra, 1996. Dividing the Waters: Food security, ecosystem health, and the new politics of scarcity. Washington , D.C: Worldwatch Institute. Postel, Sandra, 1997. Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity. Washington , DC : World Watch Institute. New York : Norton. Postel, Sandra, 1999. Pillar of Sand: Can the Irrigation Miracle Last? London : W.W. Norton & Co. Postel, Sandra L.; Wolf, Aaron T., 2001. Dehydrating Conflict. Foreign Policy, September/ October, pp. 2-9. Rahmato, Water resource development in Ethiopia: issues of sustainability and participation Raskin, P.; Gallopin, G.; Gutman P.; Hammond, A.; and Swart, R., 1998. 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